+---+ | I | +---+ INCREMENTAL TESTING Integration testing where system components are integrated into the system one at a time until the entire system is integrated.(BCS) INDEPENDENCE Separation of responsibilities which ensures the accomplishment of objective evaluation. After [do178b]. INDICATOR A device or variable that can be set to a prescribed state based on the results of a process or the occurrence of a specified condition (e.g. 2% overrun on a task as compared to total effort would be an indicator that corrective action needs to take place). INFEASIBLE PATH A path which cannot be exercised by any set of possible input values.(BCS) INPUT A variable (whether stored within a component or outside it) that is read by the component.(BCS) INPUT DOMAIN The set of all possible inputs.(BCS) INPUT VALUE An instance of an input.(BCS) INSPECTION A group review quality improvement process for written material. It consists of two aspects; product (document itself) improvement and process improvement (of both document production and inspection). After [Graham] (BCS) INSTALLABILITY TESTING Testing concerned with the installation procedures for the system.(BCS) INSTRUMENTATION The insertion of additional code into the program in order to collect information about program behaviour during program execution.(BCS) INSTRUMENTER A software tool used to carry out instrumentation.(BCS) INTEGRATION The process of combining components into larger assemblies.(BCS) INTEGRATION TESTING Testing performed to expose faults in the interfaces and in the interaction between integrated components.(BCS) Integration testing can take place at every level (IT in the small for subroutines->programs->sub-systems, IT in the large for system-system testing).[Gerrard] An orderly progression of testing in which software elements, hardware elements, or both are combined and tested until the entire system has been integrated. (IEEE 729-1983) INTEGER DATE. A count of days since a specified date. Various IBM software products have defined integer dates as follows: LANGUAGE/PRODUCT DAYS SINCE C 1969-Dec-31 COBOL 1600-Dec-31 LANGUAGE ENVIRONMENT 1582-Oct-14 MVS/CICS/DB2 1899-Dec-31 (IBM) INTERFACE TESTING Integration testing where the interfaces between system components are tested.(BCS) INTERNAL SIDE. The creator or manipulator of a data entity. Used in this document to mean a module or routine that externalizes a 2- or 4-digit-year format entity to another module or routine. (IBM) INTERNAL SYSTEM DATE A date, normally not user-recognizable, set within a computer system (IEEE) INTERNATIONAL DATE LINE The Date Line is a zig-zag line that approximately coincides with the 180th meridian, and it separates the calendar dates. The date must be advanced one day when crossing in a westerly direction and set back one day when crossing in an easterly direction. The line is deflected eastward through the Bering Strait and westward of the Aleutians to prevent separating these areas by date. The line is again deflected eastward of the Tonga and New Zealand Islands in the South Pacific for the same reason. (FW) INTERNATIONAL DAYLIGHT SAVING TIME Adjusting clock time to be able to use the added daylight on summer evenings is common throughout the world. Western Europe is on Daylight Saving Time generally from the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in Sept.; however, the United Kingdom continues until the last Sunday in Oct. Russia, which lies over 11 time zones, maintains its Standard Time 1 hour fast of the zone designation. Additionally, it proclaims Daylight Saving Time as does Europe. China, which lies across 5 time zones, has decreed that the entire country be placed on Greenwich Time plus 8 hours, with Daylight Saving Time from Apr. 12 to Sept. 12. Many countries in the Southern Hemisphere maintain Daylight Saving Time, generally from Oct. to March; however, most countries near the equator do not deviate from Standard Time. (FW) Standard Time Differences-World Cities The time indicated in the table is fixed by law and is called the legal time or, more generally, Standard Time. Use of Daylight Saving Time varies widely. At 12:00 noon, Eastern Standard Time, the Standard Time (in 24-hour time) in selected cities is as follows: Addis Ababa 20 00 Alexandria 19 00 Amsterdam 18 00 Athens 19 00 Auckland 5 00 * Baghdad 20 00 Bangkok 0 00 Beijing 1 00 * Belfast 17 00 Berlin 18 00 Bogotá 12 00 Bombay 22 30 Bremen 18 00 Brussels 18 00 Bucharest 19 00 Budapest 18 00 Buenos Aires 14 00 Cairo 19 00 Calcutta 22 30 Cape Town 19 00 Caracas 13 00 Casablanca 17 00 Copenhagen 18 00 Delhi 22 30 Dhaka 23 00 Dublin 17 00 Gdánsk 18 00 Geneva 18 00 Havana 12 00 Helsinki 19 00 Ho Chi Minh City 0 00 Hong Kong 1 00 * Istanbul 19 00 Jakarta 0 00 Jerusalem 19 00 Johannesburg 19 00 Karachi 22 00 Le Havre 18 00 Lima 12 00 Lisbon 17 00 Liverpool 17 00 London 17 00 Madrid 18 00 Manila 1 00 * Mecca (Saudi Arabia) 20 00 Melbourne 3 00 * Mexico City 11 00 Montevideo 14 00 Moscow 20 00 Nagasaki 2 00 * Oslo 18 00 Paris 18 00 Prague 18 00 Rio de Janeiro 14 00 Rome 18 00 St. Petersburg 20 00 Santiago (Chile) 13 00 Seoul 2 00 * Shanghai 1 00 * Singapore 1 00 * Stockholm 18 00 Sydney (Australia) 3 00 * Tashkent 23 00 Teheran 20 30 Tel Aviv 19 00 Tokyo 2 00 * Valparaiso 13 00 Vladivostok 3 00 * Vienna 18 00 Warsaw 18 00 Wellington (N.Z.) 5 00 * Yangon (Rangoon) 23 30 Yokohama 2 00 * Zurich 18 00 (FW) Standard Time Differences - North American Cities At 12:00 Noon, Eastern Standard Time, the Standard Time In North American Cities Is As Follows: Akron, Oh. 12 00 Noon Albuquerque, N.M. 10 00 am Atlanta, Ga. 12 00 Noon Austin, Tex. 11 00 am Baltimore, Md. 12 00 Noon Birmingham, Ala. 11 00 am Bismarck, N.D. 11 00 am Boise, Ida. 10 00 am Boston, Mass. 12 00 Noon Buffalo, N.Y. 12 00 Noon Butte, Mon. 10 00 am Calgary, Alta. 10 00 am Charleston, S.C. 12 00 Noon Charleston, W.Va. 12 00 Noon Charlotte, N.C. 12 00 Noon Charlottetown, P.E.I. 1 00 pm Chattanooga, Tenn. . 12 00 Noon Cheyenne, Wy. 10 00 am Chicago, Ill. 11 00 am Cleveland, Oh. 12 00 Noon Colorado Spr., Col. 10 00 am Columbus, Oh. 12 00 Noon Dallas, Tex. 11 00 am Dawson, Yuk.* 9 00 am Dayton, Oh. 12 00 Noon Denver, Col. 10 00 am Des Moines, Ia. 11 00 am Detroit, Mich. 12 00 Noon Duluth, Minn. 11 00 am El Paso, Tex. 10 00 am Erie, Pa. 12 00 Noon Evansville, Ind. 11 00 am Fairbanks, Alas. 8 00 am Flint, Mich. 12 00 Noon Fort Wayne, Ind.* 12 00 Noon Fort Worth, Tex. 11 00 am Frankfort, Ky. 12 00 Noon Galveston, Tex. 11 00 am Grand Rapids, Mich. 12 00 Noon Halifax, N.S. 1 00 pm Hartford, Conn. 12 00 Noon Helena, Mon. 10 00 am Honolulu, Ha.* 7 00 am Houston, Tex. 11 00 am Indianapolis, Ind.* 12 00 Noon Jacksonville, Fla. 12 00 Noon Juneau, Alas. 8 00 am Kansas City, Mo. 11 00 am Knoxville, Tenn. 12 00 Noon Lexington, Ky. 12 00 Noon Lincoln, Neb. 11 00 am Little Rock, Ark. 11 00 am Los Angeles, Cal. 9 00 am Louisville, Ky. 12 00 Noon Mexico City* 11 00 am Memphis, Tenn. 11 00 am Miami, Fla. 12 00 Noon Milwaukee, Wis. 11 00 am Minneapolis, Minn. 11 00 am Mobile, Ala. 11 00 am Montreal, Que. 12 00 Noon Nashville, Tenn. 11 00 am New Haven, Conn. 12 00 Noon New Orleans, La. 11 00 am New York, N.Y. 12 00 Noon Nome, Alas. 8 00 am Norfolk, Va. 12 00 Noon Okla. City, Okla. 11 00 am Omaha, Neb. 11 00 am Peoria, Ill. 11 00 am Philadelphia, Pa. 12 00 Noon Phoenix, Ariz.* 10 00 am Pierre, S.D. 11 00 am Pittsburgh, Pa. 12 00 Noon Portland, Me. 12 00 Noon Portland, Ore. 9 00 am Providence, R.I. 12 00 Noon Regina, Sask.* 11 00 am Reno, Nev. 9 00 am Richmond, Va. 12 00 Noon Rochester, N.Y. 12 00 Noon Sacramento, Cal. 9 00 am St. John's, Nfld. 1 30 pm St. Louis, Mo. 11 00 am St. Paul, Minn. 11 00 am Salt Lake City, Ut. 10 00 am San Antonio, Tex. 11 00 am San Diego, Cal. 9 00 am San Francisco, Cal. 9 00 am Santa Fe, N.M. 10 00 am Savannah, Ga. 12 00 Noon Seattle, Wash. 9 00 am Shreveport, La. 11 00 am Sioux Falls, S.D. 11 00 am Spokane, Wash. 9 00 am Tampa, Fla. 12 00 Noon Toledo, Oh. 12 00 Noon Topeka, Kan. 11 00 am Toronto, Ont. 12 00 Noon Tucson, Ariz.* 10 00 am Tulsa, Okla. 11 00 am Vancouver, B.C. 9 00 am Washington, D.C. 12 00 Noon Wichita, Kan. 11 00 am Wilmington, Del. 12 00 Noon Winnipeg, Man. 11 00 am (FW) ISOLATION TESTING Component testing of individual components in isolation from surrounding components, with surrounding components being simulated by stubs.(BCS)