+---+
       | E |
       +---+

ELIMINATION

The retirement of a system or application no longer
deemed necessary.
(IEEE)

EMBEDDED SYSTEM

Any device that includes one or more microprocessors,
not independently programmable by the user, to support
its proper operation
(IEEE)

EMULATOR

A device, computer program, or system that accepts the
same inputs and produces the same outputs as a given
system. [IEEE,do178b]

ENCAPSULATION

This method, interestingly, is the one which Bill Gates
the Chairman of Microsoft recommended in response to a
query from the floor at his CEO Summit meeting in the
Spring of 1997.

The encapsulation method simply shifts all dates
downward by 28 years, so that the year 2000 would be
represented as 1972.  The rationale for using 28 years
is that a 28-year shift will bring the days of the week
(i.e.  Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, etc.) and the
calendar dates (i.e.  October 6, 7, 8, etc.) into
correct synchronization.

The encapsulation method has the advantages of being
fairly easy to do and not needing much in the way of
extensive testing.  However, here too there is a
performance penalty.  Also some dates are subtle and
calculated by indirect means.  It is not clear if
encapsulation will be 100% effective.
(CJ)

ENCODING

(also called Encryption, Offset Counter Format, or
Integer Date Format)

Unlike field expansion, encoding allows current field
widths to be maintained by storing additional
information into existing fields.  A more efficient use
of bits may allow inclusion of century information.
For example, by converting the data type from ASCII to
binary, larger numbers can be stored in the same field.
Similarly, if the numbering system was changed from
decimal to hexadecimal, two-digit year values greater
than 99 could be stored.
(IEEE)

END-TO-END TESTING

testing of multiple systems by following business
processes [Gerrard]


ENTRY POINT

The first executable statement within a component.(BCS)

EQUIVALENCE CLASS

A portion of the component's input or output domains
for which the component's behaviour is assumed to be
the same from the component's specification.(BCS)

EQUIVALENCE PARTITION

See equivalence class.

EQUIVALENCE PARTITION COVERAGE

The percentage of equivalence classes generated for the
component, which have been exercised by a test case
suite.(BCS)

EQUIVALENCE PARTITION TESTING

A test case design technique for a component in which
test cases are designed to execute representatives from
equivalence classes.(BCS)

ERROR

A human action that produces an incorrect result.
[IEEE]

ERROR GUESSING

A test case design technique where the experience of
the tester is used to postulate what faults might
occur, and to design tests specifically to expose
them.(BCS)

ERROR SEEDING

The process of intentionally adding known faults to
those already in a computer program for the purpose of
monitoring the rate of detection and removal, and
estimating the number of faults remaining in the
program. [IEEE]

EVENT HORIZON

(also known as Time Horizon to Failure)

The time from present date until the point at which a
system element will fail.  For example a company which
issues purchase orders for one year must be able to
enter valid dates in the year 2000 on January 1, 1999;
therefore the time horizon to failure for this system
if today were June 1, 1997 would be eighteen months.
Event Horizon generally refers to all of the fixes
which are required within a given time period.
(IEEE)

EXPANSION

The primary year 2000 repair strategy consists of
actually going into software applications and data
bases and expanding the year date fields to four
digits.  This has proven to be time consuming,
labor-intensive, and to require extensive testing to be
sure the changes have not damaged the applications.
(CJ)

EXTERNAL SIDE.

The receiver of a data entity.  A module or routine
that accepts a 2- or 4-digit-date format entity for
further processing from another module or routine.
(IBM)


EXECUTABLE STATEMENT

A statement which, when compiled, is translated into
object code, which will be executed procedurally when
the program is running and may perform an action on
program data.(BCS)

EXERCISED

A program element is exercised by a test case when the
input value causes the execution of that element, such
as a statement, branch, or other structural
element.(BCS)

EXHAUSTIVE TESTING

A test case design technique in which the test case
suite comprises all combinations of input values and
preconditions for component variables.(BCS)

EXIT POINT

The last executable statement within a component.(BCS)

EXPECTED OUTCOME

See predicted outcome.